Basic Investor Guide to Stocks and Bonds

An investor guide doesn't get more basic than thisinto your cash account for you. All of the money
introduction to stocks and bonds. Investing inin your account earns interest as well.
stocks is for investors in search of higher returns,When investing in stocks there are no guarantees
who are willing to accept significant risk. Investingthat you will make money. Stock prices go up,
in bonds is for those who want to earn higherand they can fall like a rock. A company can
interest, at a moderate level of risk.decrease dividends, increase them, or stop paying
This basic investor guide will define stocksthem. But if you own a stock and dividends are
(common stock) as shares of ownership in apaid, all investors get their fair share.
corporation like GE. These shares trade on stockBonds are the flip side of the coin. When investing
exchanges, and their price fluctuates as theyin bonds of a corporation you have no ownership
trade throughout the business day. In order toin the company. In fact, you are a creditor. They
buy or sell stocks, you must first open anowe you money payable on a future date.
account with a brokerage firm and deposit moneyCorporations, as well as government entities,
into a cash account. If you go with a discountborrow money from investors by issuing bonds.
broker you can buy or sell shares on yourHere's a basic bond example. An investor pays
computer. It's quick, easy and cheap. Total$1000 for a bond issued by JKL Corporation. JKL
commission costs for a transaction can be lesspromises to pay $60 a year in interest to the
than $15.bond holder for the next 25 years, 6%. When the
As a basic investor guide, you can make moneybond matures in 25 years the bond owner gets
investing in stocks two primary ways. First, by$1000 back.
selling a stock at a price higher than you paid forLike stocks, bonds are traded in the market by
it. For example, you buy 1000 shares of JKL atinvestors, so their price or value fluctuates. If you
$5, for a total investment of $5000. Yourwant to sell your JKL bond before it matures, you
brokerage firm takes $5000 plus commissioncan do so. If prices are down when you sell your
from your cash account to pay for the purchase.bond, you can take a loss. If prices are up, you
Within seconds of placing your order you owncan profit.
part of JKL. If you later sell these shares at $7,Bonds are safer than stocks because they pay
you again pay a commision and have a profit ofattractive interest rates. Investors buy bonds for
$2000, minus commissions. This money goes backthe income they provide, and this income is fixed.
to your cash account, ready to go back to workMost stocks pay a modest dividend, averaging
when you make your next transaction.2%, often less. The attraction of stocks: if a
Second, most stocks pay dividends four times acompany prospers stock owners can benefit
year. If you hold JKL when dividends are declaredfrom rising stock prices as investors bid up the
and paid, your brokerage firm will deposit themprice of the shares.