Historical Mutual Fund Performance Charts Are Hard To Interpret

or, let's assume for a moment that historical ETFperformance and the market index benchmark is
and mutual fund performance charts actually dowhat counts.
have some useful information for individualA consistently superior ETF or mutual fund would
investors. This might not actually be very funnyhave a cumulative performance line that
to many fund investors who have been lured intoincreasingly and consistently diverges from the
lousy and expensive investments because ofbenchmark index. Visually, the wedge between
historical performance charts.the two lines should just keep widening. On the
It can be hard to see humor, when the securitiesother hand, a widening wedge could also describe
industry siphons away your assets through highthe situation of an overly easy market index
management fees using the siren song of superiorbenchmark comparison and mediocre ETF or
historical performance charts. The cover-your-rearmutual fund performance.
small legal print in the footnote of theRarely do you see historical ETF or mutual fund
performance chart is actually right. Essentially, itperformance graphs with increasingly widening
says, "Don't count on it." And, you should not.lines -- particularly since luck is a major factor and
Interpreting rates of change from a cumulativehigh investment management fees and high
performance chart is a challenge for many people.trading costs tend to drag fund performance
Visually, cumulative historical ETF and mutual funddown relative to appropriate market index
performance charts are just very difficult tobenchmarks. If, for example, the lines diverged
interpret. Most people would only look at the mostquickly ten years ago and then they maintained a
recent values to see whether the fund'srelatively constant gap thereafter, that could
cumulative performance to date is above ormean that a very small and immature fund got
below the index.lucky and/or it had a riskier investment portfolio
Well, of course, if you are being sold to orprofile.
advertised to, then the most recent cumulativeThen, money from performance chasing individual
performance will always be above the marketinvestors flowed in, and the fund got much larger.
index benchmark, because of selectivity.If the gap between the lines on the chart does
Selectivity means that fund companies select onlynot increasingly widen, then this means that
their "winners" to promote. This is the easiest kindsubsequent performance has just been mediocre.
of fund to sell to naive individual investors -- youIf the lines tend to narrow that demonstrates
know, "good" funds with "better" performance.subsequent inferior performance. Cumulative
However, an ETF or mutual fund's performanceperformance could still be above the index due to
history that would truly exhibit investmenta selectivity bias and/or an easy index
management skill (or just a sting of good luck) isbenchmark, but the fund might really have been
the relative rate of change in fund versus indexexhibiting mediocre or inferior performance for
benchmark asset valuation. The rate of changeyears.
between the investment fund's historical