How Target Date Mutual Funds Simplify the Investment Process

Arguably one of the most importantdate will normally have a day or year in mind.
considerations when putting together anAgain, depending on the length of time, the initial
investment plan is the asset mix. This simplyportfolio may be more aggressively invested with
means determining how much of your moneya large growth component if there is more time
gets invested in growth investments, how muchand more conservatively invested in cash and
gets invested in income-producing investmentscash equivalent securities as that target date
and how much will sit on the side lines in cash. Theapproaches.
general theory is that the longer time one has toThe great benefit to target date balanced funds is
invest, the more risk or growth assets one canthat investors can really invest and forget about
and should hold in their investment portfolio.their portfolio while be confidently aware that the
As time passes, however, the investor will haverisk profile of their investment will align with the
less and less time, meaning that the riskier assetsshifting risk tolerance as their retirement or other
should be scaled back and more conservative,"due date" approaches.
income-producing assets should be purchased toThe disadvantage to these types of portfolios is
replace those higher risk assets. This results inthat they typically come with a higher
greater attention being spent on the investmentsmanagement fee. The end result is that the
as the target date approaches, whether it is forinvestor pays marginally more for the service and
something big and long-term like retirement orthat higher fee ends up impacting total returns
something smaller and short-term like purchasing aover the years. As well, some target date funds
car or home.where the underlying securities are actually mutual
To accommodate the shift in asset mix asfunds do pose the risk of over-exposure to
investors age and get closer to their target date,particular securities; while this is not a large risk in
almost every mutual fund company now offersthe short-term, if the target-date fund manager
target date balanced funds. In reality, these aredoes not monitor the underlying funds and make
normally portfolios of securities or even individualadjustments where needed, the investor will often
mutual funds depending on the managingfind themselves subject to heightened risks of
company. Either approach will work fine, but whenloss, never a good thing.
the underlying portfolio consists of actual mutualIdeally, target date investments exist to make life
funds, investors should do what they can toeasier and simpler for the investor. In theory, this
ensure there is no overlap among funds thatwill always be true because asset mix is strictly
might over-expose the portfolio to one securityadhered to and the aggressive stance of the
or another.portfolio will properly adjust as the target date
The idea of a target date balanced fund is thatapproaches, a task that most investors overlook
the asset allocation will shift with time. The targetor simply ignore.