Target Dated Mutual Funds

When it comes to planning your retirement, youretirement fund already allots money to multiple
may be thinking in terms of years. This is calleddifferent departments, it would defeat the
target dating your retirement because you arepurpose for you to invest some of your money
setting a target date to retire, usually based onin other places on your own. Unless your other
your age or the amount of money you will haveinvestments are a large part of your income,
saved by that point in time. In many cases, targetthere is no reason for you to be investing in the
dating your retirement plans is the easiest way tostock market outside of your target dated fund.
get your finds in line and set specific retirementSecondly, since target dated funds are usually
savings and investing goals.structured by the investment company ahead of
Definition:time, you will have little allowance to move
Target dated retirement is a method of planningmoney back and forth between departments.
your retirement based on a specific number ofThe structures set up by the investment
years away that you intend to retire. This cancompanies are modified based upon what has
mean five, ten, or even forty years away. Youproven to be profitable and what has not. Thus,
then continually add money to a single targettheir structure is designed to have maximum
dated 401K plan which will automatically allocateefficiency over a long period of time. If you are
your investments and adjust them at five yearmoving money in and out of the stock exchange
intervals up until they day you actually retire.repeatedly, you are working against the inherent
Strategy:profitability of the structure. The investment
The theory behind target dated retirement fundscompany will automatically adjust your
is to make it easier for the average investor toinvestments at five year increment, meaning that
plan for their future without having to knowyou do not need to do any adjusting at all.
everything about the different methods, as wellDownfalls:
as reducing the responsibility of having to manageThere are multiple shortcomings associated with
the account regularly.target dated retirement funds as well. Firstly,
Lately, many companies have begun to offerdepending on the fund company you are working
target dated retirement options along with theirwith, there could be some hidden fees for
401K plans. This means that when you put themaintaining the fund. These fees may seem
money into the account it will be split up intoirrelevant at the time of opening your retirement
multiple categories including: cash, bonds, stocks,fund, but over a number of years they can add
and other investments.up to a huge sum of money, that could have
Depending on your personal preferences you maybeen invested elsewhere.
choose between an aggressive approach that willThere is also the possibility of commissions being
start you off with somewhere between 60-80%due to your broker, despite the fact that the
of your money invested in stocks, or a moretarget dated fund does all of the work for them.
conservative approach starting you with aboutHence, you should avoid these commissioned fees
50% stocks.entirely. You should also be aware of taxes placed
The rest of your money will be split betweenon the income earned from your investments.
cash and bonds, which involve a much smaller risk,While these taxes cannot be completely avoided,
and a very small percentage will be allotted tothey can be reduced greatly by doing just a little
other investments. At every five year incrementbit of research ahead of time.
the percentage of money allotted to stocks willAnother downfall of a target dated retirement
be slightly reduced, and the amount allotted tofund is the limitation of options available to people
cash and bonds will be increased, until you arewho are knowledgeable of the stock market.
invested in approximately 20% stocks, and theMany target dated funds are designed to be
rest of your investments are in less riskymoderately risky, working towards conservative.
accounts. This way, any dip in the stockHowever, your personal preferences may require
exchange will have a much smaller effect on youra less risky approach or a more risky approach
retirement fund, and you will not have to makedepending on the goals you have set.
up for as much in a shorter amount of time.In some cases, the retirement fund may not be
Stocks:aggressive enough for you to reach your
Stocks are often times a huge part of manyretirement goals on time. In other cases, you
peoples' retirement plans, and the stock exchangemay feel at risk because too much of your
can be both largely profitable as well as perilouslymoney is invested in stocks at the time of your
risky.retirement. And within the overall structure, there
When you purchase stocks you are purchasingis a whole smaller breakdown within stocks
small pieces of a larger corporation. If thatthemselves, ultimately affecting how much of
particular corporation hits a point of financialyour money is invested in large corporations
instability you risk losing everything you haveversus mid-sized and small companies.
invested in them. However, if that same companyIf you have a lot of time before you actually
recovers and becomes very profitable, you couldreach your retirement, it is wise to invest more in
make a huge profit.mid and small sized companies that have potential
Stocks are a very risky investment to make, andfor huge growth over time, rather than investing
it is important that by the time you reachin well-established companies and hoping they
retirement you are not relying largely on stocksachieve a lot of growth. Studies have found that
for your retirement. As a beginning approach theyonly a small portion of your stock investments
are a very good way to increase your funds(between 5-15%) are invested in these smaller
exponentially and aggressively.companies to begin with, and that number is
Target dated retirement plans afford you thereduced greatly over time.
convenience of not having to study theThe New Versus the Old:
companies you are investing in, and they oftenDespite the fact that these retirement funds are
include some overseas companies as well, addingdesigned to be a convenient option for everyone
to your chances of greater earnings. When youlooking to invest in their retirement, the reality is
first open your target dated retirement fund,that target dated retirement funds may only be
your initial stock investment will make up aboutpractical for certain people.
sixty to eighty percent of your total retirementIf you are well educated in the ways of the stock
fund. At every five year interval, this amount willmarket and other investing methods, a target
be reduced until you have about twenty percentdated retirement may not have very much to
stocks at the time of retirement.offer you. However, if you are a new investor,
Bonds:and you are a little unsure of what you need to
When first beginning your target dated 401K plan,do, a target dated fund could be just right for
bonds will make up between fifteen and twentyyou. Unfortunately, if only new investors are using
percent of your investments. This number willthis approach, it is likely that they will never learn
slowly increase at five year intervals as thehow the system works because these funds are
amount of money allotted to stocks is decreased.designed to take the work off the shoulders of
Bonds are considered a safer and more reliablethe investor.
investment because they are based on interestEstablished investors may be disappointed by their
earned and are not subject to the fluctuations oflack of control over their investments, while new
the economy, or the success of a particularinvestors will feel comfortable with their funds,
company. Once again, the companies that youwhile having no understanding of what is going on
purchase bonds from will be decided by thewith their money. The benefit is that target dated
company securing your 401K plan. Over time, thefunds attract an audience that would normally
interest earned on your bonds will grownever risk money on stocks, nor any other
substantially, and as more money is channeled intoinvestment outside of a standard savings account,
this section of your target date fund, morewhich means more profitability in the long run.
interest will be earned.Conclusion:
Other Investments:Target dated retirement funds, like anything else,
While other investments are the smallest portionhave both pros and cons inherent within their
of your target dated retirement fund, they havetheory of operation. Depending on whether or not
the potential to earn you a substantial amount ofyou already have a functional set of investments,
money. These investments can include prettya target dated fund may or may not be right for
much anything outside of stocks and bonds suchyou.
as real estate. The percentage of money allottedPrimarily, it is important to understand how a
to other investments does not changetarget dated fund works, and what your
substantially over time either up or down, since itresponsibilities are when it comes to investing in
is usually less than one percent to begin with.one. You should know the initial breakdown of
Cash:your monies, and how this allotment will change
The cash portion of your target dated retirementover time. You need to have a solid understanding
fund usually starts between fifteen and twentyof what the risks and gains are associated with
percent, similar to your bonds. The cash allotmenteach and every part of your retirement fund.
acts exactly like a regular savings account orYou also need to keep in mind that if you are
certificate of deposit. While it has potential to earninvesting outside of your target dated fund you
you a small amount of interest over time, it is notare contradicting the purpose of the fund
a very aggressive approach to increasing yourstructure itself. Before you sign any agreements
retirement funds, but rather a conservative wayto a target dated fund, make sure you are aware
to ensure that you will have money at the timeof all of the fees and taxes associated with the
of your retirement. This money is essentiallyfund and how they will add up over a long period
guaranteed, so you do not run the risk of losingof time. This can greatly influence the amount of
anything by keeping your money in a cashprofit gained from a particular account.
account. Every five years approaching yourOnce you have a solid understanding of the
retirement, a little more money will be pulled fromfunction and operation of a target dated fund, it is
stocks and relocated into your cash fund to givetime to get started, and begin investing as much
you a mostly conservative account at retirement.money as possible into this single account. You
Common Misconceptions:should not be terribly concerned over having too
Before you decide to go ahead with a targetmuch money in one fund, since it is allotted in
dated retirement fund, make sure you have amany ways to give you an even distribution of
complete understanding of how the account willrisk and guaranteed money.
work, and what you need to do to keep itNot all fund companies have a target dated
profitable. The most important thing to keep inretirement fund option, but it is becoming more
mind is that this retirement fund is designed toand more prevalent. Make sure to compare many
require minimum maintenance, but still cover all ofdifferent options to make sure that the structure
the bases. Once you have a target datedof your retirement funds fits your risk and
retirement fund, all of your retirement moneyconservation preferences ahead of time.
should be deposited into this account. Since this