Tax-Free Bonds & Bond Funds

Municipal bonds (munis) have been around forLet's say that you are in the 25% tax bracket,
years and offer investors interest income that iswhich means that in 2008 your taxable income
tax-exempt, free from federal income taxes. Thiswas over $65,100. You want to invest $10,000
is important to many bond investors, becauseinto a bond fund. You find a high-quality taxable
they buy bonds for the higher income they paybond fund that will pay 6% in dividends, or about
vs. CDs and savings accounts. Municipal bond$600 a year. After paying 25% to the IRS, you
funds invest in munis. Hence, if you buy the fund,net $450, or 4.5%. You pay tax on the interest
you are invested in municipal bonds and receive(dividends) whether you receive it or simply allow
dividends that are free of federal income taxes.it to reinvest and buy more shares in the fund.
Municipal bonds are issued by states and localIn the 25% tax bracket, if you can find a muni
government entities to raise capital (money) forbond fund that pays over 4.5% tax-exempt, it is
major projects. The U.S. government gives themto your advantage to invest in it. The higher your
a break by not levying income taxes on thetax bracket, the greater the advantage. If your
interest they pay to investors. This makes ittaxable income was over $200,300 in 2008, for
easier for the state of Ohio, for example, to sellexample, you were in the 33% or 35% tax
bonds and raise money. It also allows the state tobracket. A 6% taxable bond fund would have left
pay a somewhat lower interest rate than ayou with only about 4% net after taxes.
corporation with a high credit rating would need toSecond, mutual fund expenses and sales charges
pay to attract investors.only work against the investor. On a $10,000
When you invest in a municipal bond fundinvestment, a 3% sales charge (load) can take
professional money managers manage a$300 off the top, and yearly expenses could be
diversified portfolio of munis for you. Some fund.5% or more per year. Or, if you go with a major
families offer funds that are double tax-exempt.no-load fund family, a municipal bond fund
For example, an Ohio Tax-Exempt Bond Fundinvestment has zero sales charges, and yearly
would pay Ohio residents dividends free fromexpenses can be as low as .15% a year.
both federal and state income taxes.Third, all bonds and bond funds are subject to
There are three factors you should considerinterest rate risk. This means that if interest rates
before investing in any muni bond fund. One, yourgo up, the value or price of bonds and bond funds
tax bracket. Two, expenses. Three, interest ratethat invest in them will fall.
risk.