Unique Tax Characteristics of Exchange Traded Funds

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) represent aspecific industries such as health care.
bundle of assets that look a lot like a mutual fund,Currency ETF
only they may be traded during the day just likeCurrency ETFs aren't funds at all but, rather,
ordinary stocks (mutual fund units may only betrusts or limited partnerships that pass income
redeemed at the end of the day). ETFs haveand gains through to their investors. Accordingly,
gained a reputation as a low cost, tax efficienteach owner of a Currency ETF takes into
alternative to mutual funds. The only problem withaccount his or her pro rata share of the ETF's
this perception is that it may not be accurate.income, gain, loss, deductions and other items for
ETFs that invest in currencies or commodities canthe calendar year. If you are an investor in a
create bizarre tax ramifications to which theCurrency ETF you will receive a K-1 for the year.
capital gains tax rate rules simply do not apply.This K-1 will itemize each specific type of income
This article will address the tax implications ofand expense passed through to you, the investor.
investing in three forms of ETFs: Plain VanillaThe tax treatment of such income or gains
(bundles of company stocks), Currency anddepends on the Fund's underlying positions, so you
Commodity ETFs.must read the prospectus to understand the tax
Plain Vanilla ETFtreatment of such income, expense, gain or loss.
A Plain Vanilla ETF gives the investor a tiny pieceCurrency ETFs allow you to capitalize on the
of various companies that are held in the fund.strength of foreign currencies relative to the U.S.
Like an Index Mutual Fund a Plain Vanilla ETF is adollar. Whenever a U.S. investor buys a currency
type of investment company which invests itsETF, they are automatically short the dollar in the
funds in stocks that mirror some particularcorresponding currency. This type of strategy
market index, such as the S&P 500 or theallows you to hedge against weakness in the
NASDAQ 100. Plain Vanilla ETFs can be groupeddollar. Currency ETFs can be taxed in eight
into four basic categories: Broad-Based ETFs,different ways. Currency ETFs can be taxed as
Fixed Income ETFs, International ETFs and Sectorlong-term capital gains, short-term capital gains,
ETFs. Broad-Based ETFs follow specific indexesordinary income, interest income, part capital gains
styles such as growth indexes, value indexes,part ordinary income, phantom interest (interest
small-cap, mid-cap and large- cap indexes. Fixednot received) and phantom ordinary income (mark
Income ETFs track indexes for corporate andto market gains for futures contracts). Currency
Treasury bonds. International ETFs track indexesETFs can create bizarre tax treatment that even
for foreign countries as well as internationalyour CPU would not understand.
regions (i.e. Asia). Sector ETFs track indexes for