What Are Term Deposits, Government Bonds, Treasury Bills & Money Market Funds?

Financial instruments found in the debt marketeither R bonds or C bonds.
include:In US, US saving bonds are issued as series EE
1. Term Depositsbonds, Series I Bonds.
2. Government bondsThe investment risk for government savings
3. Treasury Bills (T-Bills)bonds Issued by Canadian government or US
4. Money Market Fundsgovernment is nil, since the bond is guaranteed by
5. Corporate Bonds and Debenturesthe federal government.
6. Domestic Bond Funds.3) Treasury bills (T bill)
In this article, we will only discuss the termTreasury bills are a short term money market
deposits, government bonds, treasury bills andinstrument and issued by the federal government
money market fund.in terms of 30, 60, 91, 182 and 364 days. They
1. Term Depositsare sold by auction.
Term Deposits are qualifying instruments for taxBanks and investment houses buy at wholesale in
shelter and will share the followingmultiples of $5 million denominations. They then
characteristics.a) Short-Term Deposit: less than 1sell these T-Bills to brokers and investment
yearb) Long-Term Deposit: to 5 years. Interestdealers who break down their purchases into
Rate: depends on length of deposit and$1,000 lots.
competitive interest rates available in theT bills are sold discount to their face values and
marketplace.also sold on the secondary market and their value
Long-term investments are called Guaranteedfluctuates depending on competitive interest rates
Investment Certificates (GICs) and can beat the times of resell.
purchased for a lesser amount such as $500.The short-term nature of T-Bills does not cause a
They are also called a Certificate of Deposit (CD).large exposure to interest rate risk, but to some
Rates may vary as little as 0.10% amongst theextent there is an inflation risk.If a T-Bill is sold
deposit takers.before maturity, any gain is taxed as interest.
Term Deposits may be cashed prior to maturity,4. Money market funds
but this may incur a penalty. GICs generallyMoney market fund holds T bills and other short
cannot be cashed before they mature, althoughterm money market contracts. Investors pool the
some deposit takers are now more flexible.investments through the mutual fund. Units in this
2. Government saving bondsfund can be bought and sold daily. Money market
Country residency is required and guaranteed byfunds produce capital gains although their primary
the country of issuer.a) Are registered bonds thatfunction is to generate interest income. Interest is
provide protection against loss, theft orgenerally paid monthly, while capital gains are paid
destruction.b) Are not transferable.c) Can beannually.
purchased for a minimum of $100 to a maximumThe benefits of money market funds includea)
of $500,000.d)The interest is taxable and issecurity of principalb) liquidity.c) eligible for plan
competitive with GICs.e) Mature in 10 to 12 years.registration
In Canada, Canadian saving bonds are issued asI hope this information will help.