Signing The Loan Documents

Signing loan documents can be intimidating evenThe second important form in the package is the
for the most seasoned real estate professional.Note, which will usually be located about half way
But things are even worse today because mostthrough the stack, either in front of or behind the
Title Companies offer their clients theDeed of Trust. The Deed is pretty easy to find
convenience of having a mobile notary bring thebecause it's a 14 or 15-page document with "page
loan documents to their homes to get signed.1 of 15", "page 2 of 15" and so on at the bottom
That means the Escrow Officer is nowhere to beof each page, so you can flip through the stack
seen and most notaries don't know enough toand find it quickly. The Note is usually near by.
properly answer peoples' questions. Without anyThe Note is generally a 4 or 5-page document
way of getting clear answers, the signing processand details the loan amount, lender, interest rate,
has become even more frightening than before.date of your first payment, length of time the
As usual, a little knowledge goes a long way tointerest rate is fixed for, any interest-only options
reduce the fear factor. Certain forms are moreand the prepayment penalty stipulations. You will
important that others and an educated borrowerhave already seen some of this on the Estimated
can quickly establish if the documents meet theirClosing Statement but you should definitely look
expectations or not. Unfortunately, it's notat (1) the interest rate - make absolutely sure
uncommon for Mortgage Brokers to change littlethat's correct, (2) the length of the fixed period -
(and sometimes not so little) things right at thethat's important and (3) the prepayment penalty -
end of the process and many people end up withthat will be on page 2 or 3. Many Notes have
surprises when it's clearly too late to makeaddendums, particularly for prepayment penalties,
changes.so make sure to look past the Note to see if
So let's look at the specifics. There are twothere's an addendum.
forms in California loan packages that are moreIf everything on the Note looks good and the
important than all the others; the EstimatedEstimated Closing Statement is also as you
Closing Statement and the Note itself. Ifexpected, the rest of the package should be fine.
everything's right on those two forms, the restOnce you've gone through those two documents,
of the package will probably be fine as well.the heavy lifting is over. But there are still a
The Estimated Closing Statement is usually at thenumber of things you should know while signing
top of the stack. It's compiled by the Titlethe rest of the documents.
Company and has their contact information onFirst, the Note describes everything to do with
the top of the page. It's usually on legal-sizedthe loan, but it hardly mentions the property at all.
paper and details all the costs and fees associatedThe Deed of Trust deals with the property and
with the transaction. In most cases, there will beyour obligation to keep it insured and in livable
two columns going down the right-hand side ofcondition, etc. Deeds of Trust are all standardized
the page; one for debits and the other for credits.these days so if there's anything unusual, it will be
You can think of the far right-hand column as thedetailed in a separate document called a "rider",
'source of funds' and the left column as the 'usesimilar to an addendum. You can have riders for all
of funds'. So your new loan amounts will be listedkinds of things, including an adjustable interest
on the right-hand side, along with any deposits orrate, a balloon payment, a condominium, a rental
credits issued along the way. On the left-handproperty, a trust, a planned unit development (or
side, it will show either the old loans being paid offPUD) or a second home. Don't be alarmed by
(for a refinance) or the money going to the sellerriders. They do it this way to simplify the Deed
of the property (for purchase transactions).and make it easier to understand. Just know that
The left-hand column will also list all the fees ofthe Deed is almost entirely boiler plate copy -
the transaction. These fees should closelyvery standard stuff. In fact, you can see what's
correspond to the fees listed on the original Goodfilled in because it's usually in a different font.
Faith Estimate provided by your Mortgage Broker.Everything else is standard.
You should immediately look at these fees to seeThere will be a document in the package called
if there's something there you didn't expect. Keepthe Truth-in-Lending Disclosure. This is the most
in mind that this list is the most recent and mostregulated document in the entire industry and is
reliable estimation of the final closing figures, andrequired for all lenders. Along with a variety of
there are often unforeseen details that only popother items, the Truth-in-Lending disclosure tells
up at this final stage. Some of those details comeyou the APR, and everybody has to calculate the
up through the title report. If there are delinquentAPR the same way. Unfortunately, there are so
property taxes on record, for example, they'llmany loan options these days that it's hard to put
have to get paid. There may be another lien on2 programs together in a head-to-head
the property or the next tax installment might becomparison, but it's still good to know what this
due. These examples are unavoidable but thereform attempts to do.
are others that may have been added at the lastWhen you get a loan, you normally pay some
minute to boost profitability for the Mortgagemoney - closing costs - to complete the deal. So
Broker or the Title Company. These are thelet's say you're getting a $300K loan and you're
things you need to be wary of.paying $5K in fees directly related to the
The Estimated Closing Statement will usually beorigination of that loan. So you pay $5K in and get
broken down into two main sections; lender fees$300K out. $5K in, $300K out. So it's really the
and title & escrow fees. All of the feessame as paying nothing and getting $295K out.
charged by OR through the lender will be listed inSame thing. If you pay $5K in and then get
the first section. This is where you want to look$300K out, it's the same as getting $295K with
out for the agreed upon origination fees and anyno fees. Well, the APR takes that into
points you decided to purchase. You also want toconsideration and calculates an interest rate that
look out for inflated processing fees or otherwraps in all these fees as if they were already
unexpected "junk fees" like administration fees orincluded, making the APR generally HIGHER than
application fees that you didn't agree to at thethe rate specified on the Note.
beginning.For Intermediate ARMs, the APR also takes the
This first section will also list the prepaid itemsadjustable portion of the loan into consideration,
being collected by the lender. Examples of theseincluding the index and the margin. It provides a
items would include prepaid interest as well asweighted average interest rate for the entire
reserve funds for an impound account. An30-year period based on the initial fixed period of
impound account is where your property taxes5, 7 or 10 years and then the remaining years at
and insurance are collected WITH your monthlythe adjustable equivalent, assuming interest rates
mortgage payment. The advantage is that youremain exactly as they are today. Although this
don't have any unexpected bills during the year.attempts to provide borrowers with more
But the downside is that you have to bring incomplete information, it actually obscures the APR
some extra funds to the closing to setup theand makes it less relevant considering the
"reserve account". This reserve account ensuresobjectives for the loan. For example, most people
there will always be enough money available towho get a 5/1 ARM (fixed for 5 years) have no
pay these bills at the time they are due, plusintention of keeping the loan longer than the fixed
some extra just in case.period, making the index plus margin completely
These reserves can add up to a significant chunkirrelevant.
of change so the decision to have impounds canThis is particularly dangerous for Subprime loans
significantly affect the amount of cash you havewhere the index plus margin might be 2 or even
to bring to the Title Company. Also, if you3 percentage points higher than the starting rate,
requested NO impounds and the Mortgage Brokermaking the APR MUCH higher than it would
put them in anyway, you'll see it right awayotherwise be. If you only plan to keep the
because the prepaid items will be much highermortgage for the fixed period, don't spend too
than previously disclosed. Keep in mind that somemuch time on the APR. It'll be a high number that
A-paper lenders offer modest pricingwill probably frustrate and confuse you. Rather,
improvements for loans WITH impounds so somespend more time on the starting interest rate and
Mortgage Brokers try to sneak them in as a waythe closing costs required to get that loan.
of improving the loan's profitability.Overall, you can expect your loan package to
The second section details all the fees paid to ORhave two sets of instructions; one from the
through the Title or Escrow Company. Theselender and the other from escrow. You can
would include the title insurance, escrow fees,expect all the documents we've discussed as well
recording, courier, endorsements, notary and anyas a long list of individual affidavits including a
liens or delinquent taxes listed on the title report.Signature Name Affidavit, a Compliance
Although the signing is often too late forAgreement, an Occupancy & Financial Status
negotiation, both the title insurance AND theAffidavit and various disclosures describing your
escrow fee may have some flexibility so it neverrights in the transaction.
hurts to request a discount.Keep in mind that any refinance transaction in
At the bottom of the Estimated ClosingCalifornia provides borrowers 3 business days to
Statement, it should tell you exactly how muchreview all the documentation and cancel the
you still owe to close escrow or how much youtransaction if necessary. This time is provided for
can expect back after the transaction closes.your protection. Take the opportunity to review
Although this figure will rarely be identical to theall the documents. I know it probably all seems
Good Faith Estimate, it's proximity to the originalconfusing or even boring, but you'll learn a lot
figure is an extremely good gauge of youabout the process by reading the documents
Mortgage Broker's competence and experience. Ifinvolved. I know I did when I still had my signing
it's way off, you might want to think about usingbusiness, and now I'm doing loans full time. You
someone else.never know where this stuff leads.